Among many others, internet of things (IoT) or Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) is only one technology that will bring about a lot of transformation in 2018. With all the advancements, the relation between the internet of things and an industrial internet of things is getting narrower. According to the survey, there will be nearly 20 billion devices connected to the IoT by 2010. Companies are dedicating significant resources to the IoT sector. Following are few IoT trends to watch in 2018.
Security
More and more devices are now getting connected to the IoT which leads to the increase of data. This increases the risk of cybersecurity. Thus the security related to the connected devices has become the major concern now. There is a need to remove all the cyberattacks that take place through public as well as private networks. Currently, the security is not provided to all the IoT devices like laptops, PCs etc. But in 2018, the main task of the IoT system is to look for the security of the data and devices.
Artificial Intelligence and Big Data
There is a great opportunity for the Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning in the IoT sector. AI is used in almost all new apps and devices. The data is growing day by day as more customers are getting connected to the IoT devices. This leads to increase in data processing and analyzing. The whole idea is to get the relevant data from the big data through big data techniques. The improvement in the overall AI field has helped the developers to get the relationship between the data.
Healthcare
Healthcare sector has been affected the most by the IoT and in the coming years, you will see more improvements in the healthcare sector. Not only that, the improvements will be seen in the medical equipment, health instruments, wearable devices etc. The growth of IoT will not only improve the condition of doctors but also the patients.
CONCLUSION:
These are some of the trends that will dominate the IoT ecosystem in this year. The internet of things as well as the industrial internet of things will see a lot of improvements with more people connecting to the connected devices. However, currently the very small amount of it is used but this is changing now.
Blockchain Technology has turned out to be a game-changer in the FinTech industry where it was used to drive the Cryptocurrency landscape. But owing to the high level of flexibility in this distributed ledger technology, Blockchain has gone across the boundaries. Turns out that the technology behind Bitcoin has a number of use cases even beyond the financial sector. The latter is actively being used in Cyber security, Healthcare, Insurance, eVoting, Real-estate, Travel and Tourism.
Blockchain is a publically shared cryptographic ledger that creates a permanent and tamper-proof record of the stored information. It stores data in a series of blocks that are cryptographically linked to form an extensive database. To be more precise and clear about Blockchain, it’s made up of a series of blocks chained digitally together to form a huge database. Whereas, each block in the Blockchain has specified size limit of 1MB and each block is capable of storing a small patch of data.
Spring framework was introduced and designed to build flexible andloosely coupled web applications. The Model-view-controller design pattern helps in seperating the business logic, presentation logic and navigation logic. But one of the key benefits that makes it so popular and useful is dependency injection (DI). DI is a design pattern, that separates an application’s dependencies and configuration from the code that uses those dependencies. Springimplements DI by allowing you to wire together an application from beans, using either an XML configuration file or annotations.
In Spring MVC Framework every piece of logic and functionality is highly configurable. Also Spring can be integrate with other popular Web Frameworks like Struts, WebWork a Java Server Faces.
DispatcherServlet is the core of Spring MVC that handles every request. The DispatcherServlet routes the request to a Controller class authored by the application developer. The controller class handles the request and decides which view should be displayed to the user as part of the response.
Spring MVC Application Flow
Now lets understand the Web Flow and request cycle of typical Spring MVCapplication. The whole lifecycle of an Spring MVC Application can be demonstrated from the following points.
Request is sent to server : User sends request to server by submitting form or by clicking hyperlink etc. TheRequest is initially given to web.xml. The DispatcherServlet configured in web.xml file receives the request and routes the request to DispatcherServlet .
Inside DispatcherServlet : DispatcherServlet is Spring MVC’s implementation of the Front controller pattern. The job of the DispatcherServlet is to take an incoming URL and find the right combination of handlers (generally methods on Controller classes) and views (generally JSPs) that combine to form the page or resource that’s supposed to be found at that location.
Data Layer Operations : If database operation is needed then Model class will route request to suitable DAO. All database operations should be carried out in DAO. Then attach attributes into request/session/application scope and return back to Model. Then the Controller executes the logic business logic (if written by the programmer) and then returns ModeAndView object to the DispatcherServlet.
Presentation Layer : The DispatcherServlet determines the view from the ModelAndView object. Some html or designing stuffs are added to response . The View is rendered and the DispatcherServlet sends the output to the Servlet container. Finally Servlet Container sends the result back to the user.
Inversion of Control
The Spring Framework is used by many frameworks. You can use the existing frameworks such as JSF, Struts 2, Flex with Spring DS to quickly develop and deploy large scale enterprise applications. The Spring framework simplifies the development of complex enterprise applications.
The Container will create the objects, wire them together, configure them, and manage their complete lifecycle from creation till destruction. The Spring container uses Dependency Injection (DI) to manage the components that make up an application. These objects are called Spring Beans.
IoC is also known asdependency injection (DI) .Inversion of control is a technique that allows object configuration to be moved out of code and into a configuration file. With Spring IOC, this is typically done with an XML file. In technical terms IoC is a Software Design Pattern and set of associated programming techniques in which the flow of control of a system is inverted in comparison to the traditional interaction mode. In IoC, instead of an application calling the framework, it is the framework that calls the components specified by the application. This pattern is similar to the one that agents adopt with their clients in Hollywood movies . As they sail ‘Don’t call me, I w’ll call you’ .This is why IoC is also known as the Hollywood Pattern.
There are three forms of Dependency Injection.
Constructor Injection
Setter Injection
Interface Injection
Constructor Injection: In this approach , an IoC container uses the constructor to inject the dependency. All the dependencies (simple or references) are declared in the constructor. One of the advantages of Constructor Injectionis that all the dependencies are declared in one step. This also helps in understanding whether the class depends on too many services.
Setter Injection: In this approach Dependency Injection uses Setters to inject the required resources or dependencies. Each of the objects that the class depends upon will have a setter and the IoC container will use the setters to provide the resource at run-time.
Interface Injection: It is the concrete implementations of an interface to the dependent object according to the configuration. The main difference between Interface Injection and the previous two is that in Interface Injection, any of the implementations of the interface can be injected, whereas with the other two, the object of the class specified is injected. Spring does not provide direct support for Interface Injection.
Here we are done with a brief Introduction of Spring MVC and Spring IOC. In upcoming blogs we w’ll learn How to use Spring MVC to develop flexible applications.
Creating and sharing GIFs is fun. Apart from emojis, GIFs are becoming the favorite choice for the people to express their feelings while in middle of a conversation on a plethora of chatting apps like Messenger, Telegram, Whatsapp and Snapchat. Some popular apps like Whatsapp provide an easy access to thousands of GIFs owing to the GIPHY integration within the app.
Other than that, there are a number of websites including mr-gif, Gifbin and Littleplasticthings. But the thing is, you’ll find most of the GIFs in pretty bad shape. This is primarily because of the availability of enormous content over the web. Since most of the GIFs are created from the video clips, they are compressed to extremely small size which in turn affects their quality. I know what you might be thinking by the time. It’s easy to degrade the quality of an image or video but it seems like an impossible task do the opposite. Well, with Machine Learning, everything’s possible.
How ML Will Fix This?
There’s a similar website called Gfycat that’s working on solving this issue by leveraging the innovative aspects of Machine Learning. The company is working on the technical front to make the low-fidelity GIFs look good by improving their quality. The website features a wide variety of GIFs in every category including sports, entertainment, fun, dance, celebrities, mood, expressions and emotions.
As per the company CEO, Richard Rabbat, the problem with these GIFs is mainly related to the video and is less to do with the image recognition. For this reason, Gfycat will look for the original video source across the web from which the GIF has been created. Most of these videos can be found on YouTube.
The app will analyse the entire video to find out what part of the video has been turned into that particular GIF. Gfycat will then produce a high-quality GIF from that video and will swap it with the low-quality GIF to make it look better.
The Challenges
The biggest challenge is perhaps creating a high-quality GIF out of a shoddy GIF featuring a celebrity or a public figure. As a GIF is uploaded by a person, he seldom tags that celebrity while making the upload. So it gets difficult to identify which celebrity is featured in the GIF. For this, the company has build up a vast library of popular celebrities. With this, the company hopes to identify the celebrity GIFs coming in and tag them automatically.
Another big challenge would be to identify and replace the text shown in the GIFs as caption. In most of the GIFs that we see, the text is grainy and not easy to read. For this, Gfycat aims on building some internal tools that would help identify what the captions say and then machine learning will rewrite the caption with clear text.
Clearly, Gfycat is not the only one with such an endeavor. Several other similar companies like Tenor and Giphy are also working in this direction. Let’s hope things work out well for these companies and we get a robust platform for refurbishing the low-fidelity GIF images.
Decentralization of applications has its perks and beyond any doubts, Blockchain technology has proved it really does. Owing to the increasing popularity of this state-of-the-art digital ledger technology, there has been a drastic incline inBlockchain Based App Development. Different companies and organizations are looking for different ways to secure their business operations and what can be the better way to do that than implementing Blockchain.
What Blockchain Technology Is All About?
Blockchain is the key technology behind Bitcoin which powers the entire cryptocurrency landscape. Apart from that, the technology is also being used in a wide range of applications for security enhancements and transparency. Consequently, the Blockchain Based App Development is largely in demand these days.
Blockchain is a decentralized digital ledger which comprises of a series of blocks that are electronically linked together and store records of data. Seeing it this way, Blockchain is a growing list of records that are secured by top-tier cryptographic system.
The long impending GDPR compliance has finally taken effect and it took entire Europe by storm when the D-day arrived. The General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) was adopted by European Council in 2016 to consolidate the user privacy and protect the user data in Europe. However, the arrival of this new digital privacy and data protection law seem to have catastrophic effects on dozens of American news sites who preferred to ban their services in Europe rather than complying with the GDPR. You read that right. Some of America’s biggest news sites and online services have blocked half a billion people from accessing their services as they found it hard to comply with the stringent policies imposed by the GDPR. The names include Chicago Tribune, Los Angeles Times and The New York Daily News.
What Is GDPR and How It Disrupts The Businesses In Europe?
GDPR is a legislation that brings a new set of rules and data protection laws to the businesses operating in the European Union. The legislation was passed in April 2016 by the European Council to ensure that the users will have more control over how their information is going to be used. GDPR imposes some stringent rules on various companies operating in Europe. The companies that don’t comply with these policies are fined heavily. The fines are so high that the companies may have to pay up to €20 million or 4% of the worldwide annual revenue of the prior financial year. For the companies like Facebook and Amazon, that’s like billions of dollars.
So the validation of GDPR in EU that took place on May 25 has caused a major disruption in the European business scenario. Apparently, many multinational companies operating in EU have either banned their services in Europe or suspended them for the nonce.
The Impact of GDPR In EU
The validation of General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) across the European Union is more or less contributing to the estrangement of Europe from the United States of America and many other countries. Cutting Europe off from America may cause a drastic socio-economic shift across the continent. The European users will lose access to a number of websites from America and several other countries. With that be the case, it may cause conditions like in Mainland China where the users don’t have access to many famous websites like Facebook, YouTube, and Gmail. However, the motive of GDPR compliance in Europe is completely different from that in China.
Current GDPR Status In EU
The GDPR legislation was passed in April 2016 by the European Council and all the companies were given 2 years of time to get themselves GDPR compliant. 25th May was the deadline in Europe to get your company GDPR compliant which has already passed. However, it turns out that somewhat around 60–70% of the companies in Europe have not given any clearance on GDPR compliance just yet. It’s still unclear what might be the take of EU regulators on that. Although the companies in Europe that are not yet GDPR are compliant are expecting some leniency from the regulators due to their vast number, but there’s still no clarity how the regulators might react to this lack of obligation.
Test case writing is major activity and plays one of the most important roles in software testing.It is not only concern with the testers.It is used by every person involved in software development process like the testing team, development team as well as the management team.
If no documentation is provided for the application we can take test cases as the baseline document.
The very common definition of test cases is derived from its name “Test cases are cases under which testing of application is performed to verify the application functionality or to check the system is working as expected or not.
It means the test cases clarify what should be done to test the system.
It actually provides the steps through which testing of an application is performed.We have input values and their corresponding expected result.
Test cases bring all the testing process together.When testing is performed by giving random input the chance of getting the bugs are few as compared to the testing with the planned test cases.
Through the test cases, the client expectation can be estimated.
While creating the test cases we have to first read the functionality and srs document properly which helps in providing the clear vision and understanding of the application.
Factors should be considered while preparing test cases:
1.Positive
2.Negative
3.Usability
4.Performance
5.Security
6.reliability
1.Positive: The test cases should include the positive as well as the negative test case.Testing the application with positive test case means To test the field with the value which actually the field needed.
2.Negative: While we perform testing the negative test cases play a very important role.We assume that the application will run with all the needed values entered but how the system reacts when an invalid value is entered is important too.
So negative test cases are very important.
3.Usability: Testing the efficiency and accuracy of the application.Whether the user is able to perform the task successfully or not.
4.Performance: Test cases should include the conditions for the testing workload.
5.Security: Test cases should include the cases for security.for eg logged out user should not be able to perform the operation by only using the copied URL without login.
6. Reliability: It means testing the consistency of application by performing the same task repeatedly.
